性病研究化验室试验

定义

The 性病研究化验室试验 is a screening test for 梅毒. It measures substances (proteins), called 抗体, which your body may produce if you have come in contact with the bacteria that cause 梅毒.

选择的名字

Venereal disease research laboratory test; Syphilis - VDRL

How the Test is Performed

The test is most often done using a 血液样本. It can also be done using a sample of 脊髓液. This article discusses the blood test.

A 血液样本 是必要的.

How the Test will Feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people may feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. 这很快就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

This test is used to screen for 梅毒. The bacteria that cause 梅毒 is called 梅毒螺旋体.

Your health care provider may order this test if you have signs and symptoms of a sexually transmitted illness (STI).

Syphilis screening is a routine part of prenatal care during pregnancy.

This test is similar to the rapid plasma reagin (弹性分组环)测试.

正常的结果

A negative test is normal. It means that no 抗体 to 梅毒 have been seen in your 血液样本.

The screening test is most likely to be positive in the secondary and latent stages of 梅毒. This test may give a false-negative result during early- and late-stage 梅毒. This test must be confirmed with another blood test to make the diagnosis of 梅毒.

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

A positive test result means you may have 梅毒. If the test is positive, the next step is to confirm the results with an FTA-ABS test, which is a more specific 梅毒 test.

The 性病研究化验室试验's ability to detect 梅毒 depends on the stage of the disease. The test's sensitivity to detect 梅毒 nears 100% during the middle stages; it is less sensitive during the earlier and later stages.

Some conditions may cause a false-positive test, including:

• 艾滋病毒/艾滋病
• 莱姆病
• Certain types of pneumonia
• 疟疾
• Systemic lupus erythematosus

The body does not always produce 抗体 specifically in response to the 梅毒 bacteria, so this test is not always accurate.

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

Radolf JD, Tramont EC, Salazar JC. 梅毒(梅毒螺旋体). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 237.

US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF); Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, et al. Screening for 梅毒 infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. 《十大赌博平台排行榜》. 2016; 315(21):2321-2327. PMID: 27272583 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.国家卫生研究院.gov / 27272583 /.